![]() The other differences were in how the tubing coiled around the musician as they held the instrument. The Pepper model had three valves, while Conn’s first sousaphone had four valves. The bell of that instrument pointed straight up, toward the ceiling. How was the Pepper sousaphone different from the Conn Sousaphone?Īs far as anyone knows, J.W. He began using the C.G Conn model instead of Pepper’s model.Īccording to a newspaper article dated January 22, 1998, C.G Conn supplied the entire John Philip Sousa band with brand new silver-plated instruments at the same time he delivered the first Conn sousaphone. John Philip Sousa preferred the instrument made by Conn, over the one he helped design. Conn’s sousaphone took the original instrument developed by Pepper and Sousa and improved upon it. This was just a few years after Pepper developed the instrument. Conn made the first sousaphones.Ĭonn started making sousaphones between late 1897 and early 1898. Today, it’s common knowledge that J.W Pepper made the first sousaphone, but it wasn’t always an accepted fact. Pepper is now a well-known sheet music publisher. It’s commonly believed that J.W Pepper only made the first productions of the instrument. However, they no longer make sousaphones. The J.W Pepper and Son company still exists. This first sousaphone was intended to be a concert band instrument. Pepper created the sousaphone from the specifications of John Philip Sousa along with his own ideas. Sousa believed these changes would create a bass line instrument with a warmer tone that would project its sound over the rest of the band. Sousa’s suggestions included making the bore of the helicon wider and creating a detachable bell that faced upward, toward the audience. Based on experience and the needs of his band, Sousa gave his suggestions to Pepper, who then developed and produced the instrument. His ideal instrument would send sound up and over the band and into the audience. ![]() Sousa wanted something more suited for a concert band. He was unhappy with the helicons in use at the time by the United States Marine Band. The famous bandmaster and composer, John Phillips Sousa, requested the instrument. Pepper was an instrument maker from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. A few sousaphone manufacturers produced horns with four valves, they weren’t very popular, and four-valve models were eventually dropped from production. Early models pointed straight up instead of facing forward like modern instruments. The sousaphone hasn’t changed much since its invention. The bell of the helicon was attached to the instrument and could not be removed or adjusted. The helicon also had a much smaller bell than the sousaphone. The size inside diameter of an instrument is called its bore. The helicon had a much smaller diameter inside the instrument. The helicon was shaped very similarly to the modern-day sousaphone. The design of the sousaphone is based on the older instrument called a helicon. Top Clarinet Players of All Time - August 20, 2021.Top Basson Players of All Time - August 21, 2021.Top Sousaphone Players of All Time - October 22, 2021.
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